Cage fighting has become even more dangerous thanks to extreme dieting

When it comes to an athlete’s weight, a few grams can make a vital difference to their chances of winning. In some sports, an athlete’s body mass puts them within a strictly defined weight classification. In combat sports such as boxing and mixed martial arts (MMA), this is done to match participants to equal competitors in terms of size, strength and agility and make sure winning comes down to skill (as much as is possible

The Gambler\u27s Edge - A Theoretical Framework to Trading Securities

Like gamblers, retail investors seeking excess returns in financial markets are prone to miscalculation and their models are often misspeciffied. Forecasting asset prices is extremely difficult in the long run and nearly infeasible in the short run. Additionally, retail investors are likely to be at a disadvantage both technologically and informationally—rarely will they be ahead of the curve. With these disadvantages and the difficulty of predicting future outcomes, retail investors may come to view prices as unpredictable and random in nature, like a roll of the dice. This theoretical research explores a possible investing methodology (derived from gambling principles) should an investor choose to accept asset prices as random. It displays the possibility that investors can harness the power of compound returns if they possess statistically advantageous strategies, and if they trade as frequently as possible. This research then continues to exhibit investors can reduce their risk while simultaneously increasing their expected returns should they successfully follow this theoretical framework

The turbulence modelling of a pulsed impinging jet using LES and a divergence free mass flux corrected turbulent inlet

This paper examines the best turbulence model to use when using computational fluid dynamics to simulate an impinging jet type flow. The IDDES, k-ω SST SAS, Smagorinsky and dynamic Smagorinsky models were used and compared to data collected from a laboratory impinging jet, developed to simulate thunderstorm downburst flow fields. From this it was found the dynamic Smagorinsky model performed best, especially at capturing the velocities and pressures in the near inlet region. A mesh dependency study was then performed for the dynamic Smagorinsky turbulence model. A small mesh dependency was demonstrated for the mesh densities studied but had issues in capturing the velocity height profile correctly in the near wall region. Despite this issue the model still closely matched the laboratory pressures around a 60 mm cube and demonstrated the suitability of this modelling approach for investigating thunderstorm downbursts

p-adic Hodge-theoretic properties of \'etale cohomology with mod p coefficients, and the cohomology of Shimura varieties

We show that the mod p cohomology of a smooth projective variety with semistable reduction over K, a finite extension of Qp, embeds into the reduction modulo p of a semistable Galois representation with Hodge-Tate weights in the expected range (at least after semisimplifying, in the case of the cohomological degree > 1). We prove refinements with descent data, and we apply these results to the cohomology of unitary Shimura varieties, deducing vanishing results and applications to the weight part of Serre's conjecture.Comment: Essentially final version; to appear in Algebra and Number Theor

The Power and Pathologies of Language: How Human Rights Messaging Can Also Affect Support for Violent Non-State Actors

Are framing strategies that are effective at encouraging pro-social behavior such as participation in human rights campaigns also effective at mobilizing support for “anti-social” and violent causes? Using an experimental research design, we seek to understand under what conditions individuals will express support for retributive violent action. We hypothesize that a personal story of victimization, wherein the humanity and vulnerability of the victim and the intensity of the violence suffered are described in vivid detail, will be necessary and sufficient to cause the audience to express support for the victim’s subsequent participation in organized, retaliatory violence. We expect that personal narratives will elicit both empathy and anger in the respondents, which in turn will make them more likely to support retributive violence. We also expect evocative images to enhance feelings of anger and lead to increased support for retributive violence. In our experiment, participants were randomly assigned to a control group (shown a message absent humanizing details about the victim or vivid description of the victimization that occurs) or one of eight treatment groups: (1) a personal story where neither the humanity of the victim nor the intensity of the violence is emphasized; (2) a personal story where only the humanity of the victim is emphasized; (3) a personal story where only the intensity of the violence is emphasized; (4) a personal story where both elements are emphasized; or (5-8) each of the above personal frames coupled with an evocative photograph. We survey participants regarding their reactions to the narratives, their support for human rights action, and their likelihood to approve of the victim’s participation in a fictitious violent armed resistance movement